New testing technologies save children’s lives while fighting antimicrobial resistance

Geneva — Unitaid’s first-ever Fever Diagnostic Technology Landscape report examines a promising new generation of tough, portable tools for accurately diagnosing childhood fevers—innovations with the potential to quickly connect more children to the right treatment for their particular illness.

Such inventions are not only expected to save many lives in lower-resource countries, but are seen as a vital contribution to deterring the haphazard use of antimicrobial medicines that has given rise to drug-resistant strains of infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.

“The stakes are high. Improving the diagnosis of fever is urgently needed, both to save children’s lives and preserve antimicrobials,” said Lelio Marmora, Unitaid executive director. “We need to act now to fuel the enthusiasm of the innovators who are developing these technologies, and to keep on course toward the Strategic Development Goals on global health.”

Unitaid’s report describes a slate of new devices that can more efficiently identify dangerously ill children so that they can be treated immediately. These tools make it easier to recognize danger signs, and support integrated approaches to reducing childhood deaths from the three greatest childhood killers: malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea.

The report also highlights tests that can determine whether or not a child has an illness that can be treated with antibiotics. Viral infections are a common cause of childhood fevers, but cannot be cured with antibiotics. Although many children seeking care at clinics have fever, three-quarters by some estimates, only a small fraction of those have an illness that can be treated with an antimalarial or antibiotic drug.

A recent study, cited in Unitaid’s report, found that 69 percent of fever patients who tested negative for malaria in public and private health facilities in Afghanistan, Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda received an antibiotic, without getting a diagnosis confirming the need for one.

Accurate fever diagnosis, made as quickly as possible, allows for speedy initiation of the correct treatment, which can often mean the difference between life and death.

Scientists have warned that without a powerful, well-coordinated response to antimicrobial resistance, the world could enter a post-antibiotic era in which even ordinary infections and surgeries are life-threatening.

Unitaid invests half its portfolio in innovative grants to combat drug resistance.

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Fever Diagnostic Technology Landscape

Addressing severe malaria in children

New Unitaid grants reach out to children with tuberculosis

Geneva Unitaid’s Executive Board has approved two new grants worth a combined US$ 43.7 million to prevent tuberculosis in vulnerable populations, with an emphasis on curbing the devastating effects of TB on children.

The grants join two others approved in September to fund a US$ 117 million slate of new projects aimed at fighting the world’s leading infectious killer. The announcement coincides with a Unitaid event being held at the 48th Union World Conference on Lung Health in Guadalajara, Mexico.

“Every day, more than 200 children under the age of 15 die needlessly from TB, which is 200 deaths too many,” said Lelio Marmora, Unitaid Executive Director. “Integrating TB treatment into existing HIV and maternal and child health services will reach more children with life-saving treatment sooner.”

One of the two newly approved grants will provide US$ 36.3 million to improve treatment services, and the market, for child-friendly TB medicines, in India and nine African countries. Project leader Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) will work to reach undiagnosed children by incorporating TB screening into services for HIV, nutrition, and maternal and child health. If the project is eventually scaled up globally, EGPAF estimates that over 500,000 lives could be saved over the five years following the project.

“Children with TB represent one of the most neglected and vulnerable populations in the world,” said Chip Lyons, EGPAF President and CEO. “EGPAF is proud to partner with Unitaid on this project that will expand our existing HIV prevention and treatment services to implement more effective diagnosis, treatment and care for children with active and latent TB.”

The second of the newly approved grants provides US$ 7.4 million to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Global TB Programme as it works to improve the diagnosis and treatment of paediatric, latent and multidrug-resistant TB in high-burden countries. WHO will ensure that evidence generated from Unitaid investments is quickly put into global practice.

“The WHO Global TB Programme applauds Unitaid for this unprecedented move to enhance collaboration with WHO to combat TB,” said Dr Mario Raviglione, Director of WHO’s Global TB Programme. “Through this grant we will ensure that all TB-funded projects are structured and monitored in a way that outcomes are rapidly translated into innovative policies. I am particularly pleased with the decision to support work on latent TB infection, an orphan area which urgently requires generating stronger evidence for wider implementation.”

In 2015, 1.8 million people died of TB, about one person every 18 seconds. Without treatment, 45 percent of people with TB will die, as well as nearly all HIV-positive people with TB. WHO estimates that one million children developed TB in 2015, but more than half did not receive the diagnosis and treatment they needed, mostly those living in the poorest and most vulnerable households.

The pair of TB grants approved in September went to the Aurum Institute in South Africa (US$ 58.8 million) and the University of Bordeaux (US$ 14.6 million). The Aurum Institute will work with partners in a dozen countries in Africa, Asia and South America to expand short-course preventive therapy for two groups at especially high risk for TB: people living with HIV and children under five years old. The University of Bordeaux will concentrate on widening the availability of childhood TB diagnosis in six African countries and Cambodia, using fast, state-of-the-art tests that can be performed even in small local clinics.

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Leaders say action targeting women, children and adolescents key to meeting health SDG

New York – Over the next twelve years, the world will face an enormous challenge to ensure health for women, children and adolescents while seeking to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

We therefore call on Heads of State and Government to put reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health at the core of efforts to accelerate the global response against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria and to reach  ambitious global health goals by 2030.

Based on successful strategies and experiences, we invite countries to attain our shared commitments by:

  • Reducing inequities among populations and promoting health as a fundamental human right;
  • Increasing investments in innovative approaches to achieve SDG 3, and its associated targets, that help to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for everyone at all ages;
  • Creating and improving innovative financing mechanisms for health;
  • Accelerating access to innovative health products, quality health services and adequate support for most vulnerable populations, particularly women, children and adolescents.
  • Strengthening the coordination of the global health response and the collaboration between health stakeholders at global, regional and country level;
  • Ensuring predictable and sustainable global and domestic funding to intensify the global response by aiming to meet a target of committing 0.7% of developed countries’ gross national income to official development assistance.

Meeting the challenge of achieving the SDGs and ensuring the health of women, children and adolescents is a crucial step towards bringing about healthy and robust economies, politically stable societies and resilient communities. The health of women, children and adolescents is critically important to virtually every area of human development and progress, and directly affects the success of the international community in accordance with global commitments.

H.E. Ms Michelle Bachelet                                                 H.E. Mr Celso Amorim

President of Chile                                                                 Chair of the Executive Board of Unitaid 

 Signed on the occasion of the High-level Breakfast held on 21 September 2017 during 72nd session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York

Tuberculosis diagnostics technology landscape – 5th edition

Preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission

Addressing neglected childhood tuberculosis